Getting caught up on a long overdue lathe upgrade today. A new chuck and matching the backing plate to fit. Been delaying a few years 🤦♂️. Upcoming needs are motivating the necessity.
The backing plate is machined to rough dimensions. Basically a universal outside with precision thread starter chunk of iron.
Final fit to the machine and chuck as used is necessary. Material is cast iron. I prefer to machine in cool weather. Ambient shop temperature was 78°/ 23.5° for the duration.
Threaded onto the lathe spindle the back needs to be dressed. I used a large distance spacer between the spindle shoulder and new plate. A bit of fiddling to achieve a good level of true inline.
First cut 12mm off shoulder depth(yellow). This to maximize the amount of threads engaged. OE spec is .130 /3.3mm. Let rest and hour to cool. Temperature matters for precision here.
Next a few very light face cuts (green). Needs to be perfectly flat and zero runout.
Lastly the inside that fits spindle shoulder (blue). The green & blue make you true !
The back done and mounted on the spindle with a net-very light press fit it’s time to machine the face.
(BTW the bolt holes are slightly oversized to allow some float of those for securing. The actual tolerance is final machine fit.)
Tightened on the spindle I checked the runout of outer edge (yellow). Was +/- .003 / 0,06
A few light cuts to true this area.
Next was the face (green). Light cuts until clean & true. Cooling time between cuts. I cut dry. Let cool and check with dial indicators.
Next the shoulder (blue). This makes or breaks the fit. It’s the contact light press fit point between the plate and chuck. 108mm +/- 0,000
Lastly the inside face (red). Height not to exceed 3.9mm.
The above machining fits to inside of this area of chuck.
How tight is a light press fit ?? The shoulder needs a minor chamfer on both sides. Just knock the edge off. The three bolts should draw the parts together with medium-light tool use. By finger is too loose, you’re out of spec.
How tight did the two makers expect the tolerances to be….
See this threaded hole above the cap bolt in picture below ?
There’s two. One on each side. This is to remove the three securing cap bolts. Then use two in those threaded holes to press the plate off the chuck. Yep, that’s a light press fit ! Aka done by experience feel and judgement call.